Factors Associated with Birth Asphyxia in Bangbo Hospital, Samut Prakan Province

Abstract

Birth asphyxia is a significant cause of perinatal mortality. This condition can arise from various preventable and correctable factors. This study aims to investigate the factors influencing the occurrence of birth asphyxia at Bangbo Hospital. This retrospective study collected data from medical records of pregnant women who delivered at Bangbo Hospital from October 1, 2018, to September 30, 2023, involving 327 participants. The subjects were divided into two groups: the study group, consisting of 109 infants with an APGAR score of 1 minute less than or equal to 7, and the control group, comprising 218 infants with an APGAR score of 1 minute greater than 7. Comparisons between the study and control groups were made using Chi-square statistics, and statistical calculations were performed using univariate logistic regression analysis. And then the factors associated with the occurrence of birth asphyxia were analyzed simultaneously using multiple logistic regression analysis.

The results revealed that the factors influencing the occurrence of birth asphyxia, ranked from highest to lowest impact, included: prolonged second-stage labor (OR = 26.80, 95% CI = 3.16 - 226.96), fetal distress (OR = 17.37, 95% CI = 3.63 - 83.06), breech presentation (OR = 6.45, 95% CI = 2.39 - 17.43), cephalopelvic disproportion (OR = 5.10, 95% CI = 1.36 - 19.09), gestational age less than 37 weeks (OR = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.11 - 6.22), premature rupture of membranes (OR = 2.48, 95% CI = 1.13 - 5.44), and primigravidarum (OR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.22 - 4.34).

In conclusion, all seven factors identified in this study significantly influence the occurrence of birth asphyxia. Increased prevention and monitoring, along with prompt and appropriate care, can help reduce birth asphyxia.