FACTOR AFFECTING SAFETY MANAGEMENT OF COMPANY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF RESOURCE DEPENDENCE THEORY AND INSTITUTIONAL THEORY

Abstract

          This research aims to examine the factors influencing safety management in enterprises and to test a conceptual framework developed through the integration of Resource Dependence Theory, Institutional Theory, and Safety Management. The research adopts a observational study using a cross-sectional survey approach, with a questionnaire as the primary data collection instrument. The sample consists of 259 enterprises recognized at the national level for excellence in safety management. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings indicate that the proposed model demonstrates a very good fit with the empirical data. Resource dependence has a direct positive effect on the effectiveness of safety management systems, while institutional pressure exerts both direct and indirect effects through resource dependence. Together, these variables explain 80.6% of the variance in safety management effectiveness. Key contributing factors include social pressures, professional network recognition, and access to knowledge. Based on the findings, organizations should emphasize enhancing their capacity to systematically manage safety-related resources and strengthen internal support mechanisms. At the same time, organizations should recognize institutional pressures in terms of regulations, laws, professional norms, and societal expectations, and leverage these pressures as positive driving forces to improve internal safety standards. Developing a safety culture aligned with social and professional norms can enhance legitimacy and ensure the long-term sustainability of safety management systems.