The Study of effluent quality from School of Public Health, University of Phayao.

Abstract

     This study was case study aimed at comparing the history of illness, symptoms and clinical signs, treatment plans, complications, and nursing care of patients with traumatic brain injuries underwent craniectomy. The study includes two cases and proposes nursing guidelines for patients with traumatic brain injuries underwent craniectomy at Kalasin Hospital. The sample was selected specifically from patients diagnosed with traumatic brain injuries by doctors and treated in the surgical intensive care unit at Kalasin Hospital.
     The results showed that in Case 1, a 15-year-old Thai female presented with a significant condition after being struck by a pickup truck while riding a motorcycle. She was unconscious and could not recall the incident. She was diagnosed with acute subdural hemorrhage and epidural hemorrhage at the left fronto-parietal-temporal lobe with acute respiratory failure. She underwent left craniectomy with with clot removal. After the critical phase Biochemical Oxygen Demand at 47.02 and 13.34 mg/l, average Dissolved Oxygen at 0.00 and 4.96 mg/l, average Chemical Oxygen Demand at 133.78 and 45.20 mg/l, respectively, average Sulfide 3.84 and 3.77 mg/l, average Oil and Grease at 0.93 and 0.71 mg/l, and average Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen at 78.0 and 6.63 mg/l. The results have been compared to wastewater quality standard of various building types and size from Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment found wastewater from Building 1-2 and Building 3-4 having some index were not in standard. Therefore, wastewater from building need to remediate to pass standard of wastewater quality before releasing to public water source. From buildings 1-2 and buildings 3-4 has some indexes that do not pass the standard.