The Effects of a Self-management Program for Diabetes on Self-care Behaviors and Glycemic Control in Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Ban Tiew Sub-district, Lomsak, Phetchabun Province.
Keywords:
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Self-management program, Health Behavior, Blood glucose levelAbstract
Abstract
This two-group, pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study aimed to examine the effects of a self-management program for diabetes on blood sugar control behaviors and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels among type 2 diabetes patients with uncontrolled blood glucose levels in Ban Tio Subdistrict, Lom Sak District, Phetchabun Province. The sample consisted of 48 participants, divided into an experimental group of 24 and a control group of 24. Data were collected using a blood sugar control behavior questionnaire and HbA1c laboratory results. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, with a significance level set at 0.05.
The results revealed that, after the intervention, the experimental group's overall blood sugar control behavior scores increased significantly from 65.00 (IQR = 60.50–69.50) to 98.00 (IQR = 95.50–101.00) (p < .001), which was significantly higher than those of the control group, whose scores increased from 64.50 (IQR = 61.00–68.00) to 69.00 (IQR = 66.50–72.00) (p < .001). Furthermore, behavior scores in each individual domain dietary intake, medication adherence, physical exercise, and stress management increased significantly in the experimental group (p < .001 for all domains). Meanwhile, the experimental group's HbA1c levels decreased from 8.75 (IQR = 8.33–9.08) to 8.40 (IQR = 7.65–9.00); however, this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.051), and no significant difference was found compared to the control group (p = 0.642).
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