ปัญญาประดิษฐ์ทางการแพทย์
คำสำคัญ:
ปัญญาประดิษฐ์,, โครงข่ายประสาทเทียม,, การคำนวณเชิงวิวัฒนาการบทคัดย่อ
แพทย์ผู้เชี่ยวชาญทางคลินิกในปัจจุบันจำเป็นต้องใช้ข้อมูลเป็นจำนวนมากเพื่อประกอบการวินิจฉัย ตั้งแต่อาการหรือความผิดปกติของผู้ป่วย ข้อมูลชีวเคมีประเภทต่าง ๆ จากห้องปฏิบัติการ รวมไปถึงภาพถ่ายทางรังสีวิทยา ข้อมูลแต่ละชนิดจำเป็นต้องมีการประเมินและกำหนดแนวทางเฉพาะทางพยาธิวิทยา การใช้ประโยชน์จากปัญญาประดิษฐ์เพื่อสนับสนุนกระบวนการปฏิบัติงานและเพื่อหลีกเลี่ยงการวินิจฉัยที่ผิดพลาด โดยอัลกอริทึมการเรียนรู้แบบปรับตัวสามารถจัดการข้อมูลทางการแพทย์ประเภทต่าง ๆ และสามารถบูรณาการให้เข้ากับผลลัทธ์ที่จัดหมวดหมู่ไว้แล้วได้เป็นอย่างดี บทความนี้ทำการสำรวจเทคนิคความเชี่ยวชาญด้านปัญญาประดิษฐ์ทุกสาขาทางการแพทย์ พบว่าโครงข่ายระบบประสาทเทียมเป็นที่นิยมใช้มาก รวมถึงการอภิปรายการทำงานโดยสรุปของปัญญาประดิษฐ์ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับโครงข่ายประสาทเทียม และการทบทวนเทคนิคปัญญาประดิษฐ์อื่น ๆ เช่น ระบบ fuzzy expert การคำนวณเชิงวิวัฒนาการ และ ระบบอัจฉริยะแบบไฮบริด ล้วนถูกนำมาใช้กับสถานการณ์ทางคลินิกที่แตกต่างกัน
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