Nursing care for patients with pneumonia 2 case study

Abstract

This study employed a case study design with the objective of comparing nursing care for patients with pneumonia. Two patient cases were examined to compare the application of the nursing process for pneumonia among two inpatients admitted to Ranong Hospital, Ranong Province, during August 2025 (B.E. 2568). The research instruments comprised data-extraction forms for patient medical records, caregiver/relative interviews, and direct observation. Data were analyzed by comparing pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, and treatments; nursing problems were assessed using Gordon’s 11 Functional Health Patterns. Nursing diagnoses were established, nursing care was provided, and outcomes were evaluated across three phases: at admission, during care, and at discharge.

The findings indicated that the two pneumonia cases were older adults who presented with similar clinical manifestations and chest radiograph (CXR) findings of pulmonary infiltrates. They differed in comorbidities: Case 2 had pulmonary tuberculosis, anemia requiring packed red cells (PRC), and an electrolyte imbalance, and received supplemental oxygen; the overall management was more complex than for Case 1. Both patients were discharged home. The study suggests that comorbidity-related abnormalities necessitate more complex nursing care and longer lengths of stay. Therefore, nurses require sufficient knowledge and skills to care for patients with pneumonia and should apply the nursing process to provide holistic care to patients and families in collaboration with the multidisciplinary team, thereby enhancing patient safety, preventing complications, and reducing mortality.