Locations of Traffic Accidents and Factor Associated with Mortality of the Patients Presenting at the Emergency Department of Chiang Rai Prachanukroh Hospital

Abstract

Thailand has the highest fatality rate from traffic accidents in Southeast Asia. In the Emergency Department of
Chiang Rai Prachanukroh Hospital there have been many fatalities. Knowing the geographical distribution of traffic accidents
and contributing factors to mortality will allow us to develop an effective and efficient emergency medical system as well as
create a policy to reduce the mortality rates. The objectives of this study were to assess the geographical distribution of traffic
accidents and factors that cause traffic fatalities in the Emergency Department of Chiang Rai Prachanukroh Hospital. It was
conducted as a retrospective cohort study analyzing data of all patients who had a traffic accident on a road in Muang Chiang
Rai district and were treated at the emergency room. This included both those patients with and without vital sign. The data
set included cases from January to December 2019. It was found that from 5,784 patients eligible for this selection, 91 died
from traffic accidents (1.57%). The statistically significant factor influencing road traffic accident mortality was found to be
the Revised Trauma Score (95%CI=0.18-0.21, p<0.001). Rob Wiang sub-district had the highest number of road traffic
accidents and fatalities (37.85%, 27.47%, respectively). In conclusion, the statistically significant factor that influences the
mortality of road traffic accident patients is the Revised Trauma Score. Rob Wiang sub-district had the highest number of
road traffic accidents and fatalities..