Factors affecting Ventilator-associated pneumonia in the intensive care unit, at Chumphon Khet Udomsakdi Hospital
Keywords:
Ventilator-associated pneumonia,, Intensive Care Unit,, Hand washing,, tracheostomyAbstract
Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common hospital-acquired infections in Thailand, leading to prolonged hospital stays, increased mortality rates, and higher healthcare costs.
Objective: To study the factors affecting the occurrence of VAP in critically ill patients using mechanical ventilation in Chumphon Khet-Udomsakdi Hospital.
Method: A case-control study was conducted in Chumphon Khet-Udomsakdi Hospital from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2022. The study population included patients diagnosed with VAP as the study group and patients who used mechanical ventilation but did not develop VAP as the control group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis with backward elimination was performed to analyze the data and eliminate confounding variables.
Results: There are 404 patients, 101 of them are in the study group, and the other 303 are in the control group. To summarize, the factors that affect the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia are the patient who has been using ventilator more than 10 days (ORadj =7.97; 95%CI =4.37-14.54 ; p =0.001), hand washing of health care workers less than 90 percent (ORadj = 2.16; 95%CI =1.31-3.56; p = 0.003) and the patient who not having tracheostomy (ORadj= 2.02; 95%CI = 1.19 – 3.45 ; p = 0.008)
Conclusion: There were three factors found to be associated with the occurrence of VAP: the patient who has used a ventilator for more than 10 days, hand washing of health care workers less than 90 percent, and the patient who does not have tracheostomy.
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