Incidences and Outcome of Diabetic ketoacidosis in Uthumphonphisai Hospital, Sisaket Province

Abstract

          This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine the incidence and outcome of diabetic ketoacidosis in diabetic patients aged 15 and older at Uthumphonphisai Hospital, Sisaket province, between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2023. The data was collected using the record form and analyzed using descriptive statistics; frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation and inferential statistics; chi-square or Fisher exact test and independent t-test or Mann-Whitney U test.                

           This result found that total of 90 Diabetic ketoacidosis patients were eligible and included, average age was 54.41±14.44 years, most patients had type 2 DM 93.33%, while 6.67% had type 1, the 3-year incidence of Diabetic ketoacidosis was 2.05%, the predominant clinical presentation included diabetes-related symptoms 50%, respiratory symptom 50% and gastrointestinal symptoms 32.22%. Non-adherence with treatments were the most common precipitating factor 77.78%, followed by infection 44.67%, drugs induce 14.44% and first diagnosis 13.33%. The average plasma glucose level at admission was 642.73±226.32 mg/dl, average HbA1C 11.24±2.70%. Duration of resolution was 9.38 hours. Complications during treatment included hypokalemia 42.22%, hypoglycemia 20% and hypernatremia 3.33%. Recurrence of hyperglycemia within 24 hours after resolution was 58.89%. The overall mortality rate of Diabetic ketoacidosis was 4.44%.