Effectiveness of a health promotion program on self-care behaviors to glycemic control in patients with type II diabetes, Benchalak Hospital

Abstract

Effectiveness of a health promotion program on self-care behaviors to glycemic control in patients with type II diabetes, Benchalak Hospital Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a health promotion program on the self-care behaviors of type 2 diabetic patients before and after the intervention. It employed a quasi-experimental research design using a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The study population consisted of 30 type 2 diabetic patients receiving treatment at Benjaluck Chaloem Phra Kiat 80th Birthday Anniversary Hospital over a 3-month period, from October to December 2024.

            Findings: The results demonstrated statistically significant improvements in several parameters after participation in the program: Health Behavior Score: Increased significantly (p-value < 0.001; mean difference: 2.27; 95% CI: 1.76-2.78). Body Weight: Decreased significantly (p-value < 0.001; mean difference: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.48-1.38). Waist Circumference: Reduced significantly (p-value < 0.001; mean difference: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.37-0.90). Knowledge Score: Increased significantly (p-value < 0.001; mean difference: 8.66; 95% CI: 7.92-9.40). Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS): Decreased significantly (p-value < 0.001; mean difference: 4.27; 95% CI: 4.23-12.03). HbA1C: Reduced significantly (p-value < 0.001; mean difference: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.36-0.59). Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): Decreased significantly (p-value < 0.001; mean difference: 4.20; 95% CI: 2.80-5.59). Creatinine (Cr): Reduced significantly (p-value = 0.002; mean difference: 0.12; 95% CI: 0.05-0.19). Cholesterol: Decreased significantly (p-value < 0.001; mean difference: 16.53; 95% CI: 11.79-21.27). Triglycerides (TG): Decreased significantly (p-value < 0.001; mean difference: 22.43; 95% CI: 15.13-29.73). Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL): Reduced significantly (p-value < 0.001; mean difference: 14.53; 95% CI: 8.73-20.33).

                        Recommendations: The health promotion program effectively improved the self-care behaviors of type 2 diabetic patients within 3 months. It is recommended to extend the study duration and emphasize the involvement of family members and the community to achieve sustainable development.