The effectiveness of health promotion program to self- care behaviors among pre-diabetes peoples in Namkliang district, Sisaket province.

Abstract

This research is a quasi-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The objective is to study the effectiveness of a health management program for high-risk diabetes patients in terms of knowledge, beliefs, and intentions to engage in self-management behaviors, as well as the blood sugar levels of patients in the high-risk diabetes group in NamKliang District, Si Sa Ket Province, who registered in 2024. A total of 60 participants were selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument comprises two parts. Part 1 is the health management program for high-risk diabetes patients in NamKliang, which was developed based on self-management concepts and self-efficacy theory. This included a one-day interdisciplinary knowledge-sharing activity, the establishment of a LINE group for educational purposes and health consultations, home visits for knowledge exchange, and peer support reminders over a 12-week period. Part 2 includes data collection tools consisting of a personal information questionnaire, an assessment of knowledge and beliefs about diabetes, and intentions to engage in self-management behaviors related to diabetes, along with a record of blood sugar levels. Data analysis employed statistical methods including frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Paired t-test.

The results showed that after implementing the health management program, the effectiveness in terms of knowledge and beliefs about diabetes, as well as intentions to engage in health management behaviors, improved. The average knowledge score was at a high level, beliefs about diabetes after the program were also at a high level, and intentions to engage in health behaviors were at a moderate level. When compared to before participating in the health management program, the average scores for knowledge, beliefs, and intentions to engage in activities were significantly higher (p<0.05). The average fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels were significantly lower after receiving the health management program compared to before, but the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) levels did not differ from those prior to the program. This indicates that the health program helped promote knowledge and self-management behaviors in high-risk diabetes patients. Therefore, it should be further developed to improve the quality of care for high-risk diabetes patients and diabetes patients continuously.