Self-Management Program on Glycemic Control of Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetic Patients, Nong Kaeo Subdistrict, Kanthararom District, Sisaket Province

Abstract

         This quasi-experimental research aimed to 1) study the effects of self-management on blood sugar control in patients with type 2 diabetes who had poor blood sugar control, and 2) study the effects of self-management on blood sugar control in patients with type 2 diabetes who had poor blood sugar control before and after receiving the program. The sample consisted of type 2 diabetes patients receiving services at the diabetes clinic at Ban Kok Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital, Nong Kaeo Subdistrict, Kanthararom District, Sisaket Province, between November 2024 and February 2025, and were divided into two groups: the experimental group and the comparison group, 29 patients per group. Data were collected using a three-part questionnaire administered before and after the experiment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, presenting percentages, means, standard deviations, and medians. Differences in mean scores of variables between groups were compared using the independent t-test.

         This results revealed that Most of the experimental group were female (75.9%), mean age 57.22 years (SD= 23.43), married status 75.9%, primary education 48.3%, agriculture 55.2%, average income 6,424.50 baht (SD=33.19), duration of diabetes 5-10 years 58.6%, smoking 10.3%, drinking alcohol 13.8%. Most of the comparison group were female (65.5%), mean age 53.11 years (SD= 23.43), married status 58.6%, primary education 34.5%, agriculture 55.2%, average income 4,224.5 baht (SD=58.43), duration of diabetes 5-10 years 41.4%, smoking 6.9%, drinking alcohol 17%. The difference in mean scores of knowledge The difference between the experimental and comparison groups before and after the experiment was statistically significant. Before the experiment, the experimental and comparison groups showed a statistically significant difference in their knowledge scores. After the experiment, the knowledge scores were statistically significant at the 0.05 level (p-value <0.01). The experimental group had a 1.76 higher knowledge score than the comparison group. The difference in the mean finger-prick blood sugar scores between the experimental and comparison groups before and after the experiment was statistically significant. However, after the program's implementation, the mean finger-prick blood sugar scores of the diabetic patients were statistically significant at the 0.05 level (p-value < 0.01). The experimental group showed a decrease in their mean finger-prick blood sugar scores.

Therefore, the developed program represents an alternative approach that can be effectively applied to the care of patients with type 2 diabetes who have poor blood sugar control.